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GETPWENT(3) Linux Programmer's Manual GETPWENT(3)
NAME
getpwent, setpwent, endpwent - get password file entry
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <pwd.h>
struct passwd *getpwent(void);
void setpwent(void);
void endpwent(void);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
getpwent(), setpwent(), endpwent():
_BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 ||
_XOPEN_SOURCE && _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
DESCRIPTION
The getpwent() function returns a pointer to a structure containing the broken-out fields
of a record from the password database (e.g., the local password file /etc/passwd, NIS,
and LDAP). The first time getpwent() is called, it returns the first entry; thereafter,
it returns successive entries.
The setpwent() function rewinds to the beginning of the password database.
The endpwent() function is used to close the password database after all processing has
been performed.
The passwd structure is defined in <pwd.h> as follows:
struct passwd {
char *pw_name; /* username */
char *pw_passwd; /* user password */
uid_t pw_uid; /* user ID */
gid_t pw_gid; /* group ID */
char *pw_gecos; /* user information */
char *pw_dir; /* home directory */
char *pw_shell; /* shell program */
};
When shadow(5) passwords are enabled (which is default on many GNU/Linux installations)
the content of pw_passwd is usually not very useful. In such a case most passwords are
stored in a separate file.
The variable pw_shell may be empty, in which case the system will execute the default
shell (/bin/sh) for the user.
For more information about the fields of this structure, see passwd(5).
RETURN VALUE
The getpwent() function returns a pointer to a passwd structure, or NULL if there are no
more entries or an error occurred. If an error occurs, errno is set appropriately. If
one wants to check errno after the call, it should be set to zero before the call.
The return value may point to a static area, and may be overwritten by subsequent calls to
getpwent(), getpwnam(3), or getpwuid(3). (Do not pass the returned pointer to free(3).)
ERRORS
EINTR A signal was caught.
EIO I/O error.
EMFILE The maximum number (OPEN_MAX) of files was open already in the calling process.
ENFILE The maximum number of files was open already in the system.
ENOMEM Insufficient memory to allocate passwd structure.
ERANGE Insufficient buffer space supplied.
FILES
/etc/passwd
local password database file
ATTRIBUTES
Multithreading (see pthreads(7))
The getpwent() function is not thread-safe.
The setpwent() and endpwent() functions are thread-safe.
CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001. The pw_gecos field is not specified in POSIX, but is present
on most implementations.
SEE ALSO
fgetpwent(3), getpw(3), getpwent_r(3), getpwnam(3), getpwuid(3), putpwent(3), shadow(5),
passwd(5)
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 3.74 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the
project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be
found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
GNU 2013-06-21 GETPWENT(3)
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