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FGETC(3) Linux Programmer's Manual FGETC(3)
NAME
fgetc, fgets, getc, getchar, ungetc - input of characters and strings
SYNOPSIS
#include <stdio.h>
int fgetc(FILE *stream);
char *fgets(char *s, int size, FILE *stream);
int getc(FILE *stream);
int getchar(void);
int ungetc(int c, FILE *stream);
DESCRIPTION
fgetc() reads the next character from stream and returns it as an unsigned char cast to an
int, or EOF on end of file or error.
getc() is equivalent to fgetc() except that it may be implemented as a macro which evalu‐
ates stream more than once.
getchar() is equivalent to getc(stdin).
fgets() reads in at most one less than size characters from stream and stores them into
the buffer pointed to by s. Reading stops after an EOF or a newline. If a newline is
read, it is stored into the buffer. A terminating null byte ('\0') is stored after the
last character in the buffer.
ungetc() pushes c back to stream, cast to unsigned char, where it is available for subse‐
quent read operations. Pushed-back characters will be returned in reverse order; only one
pushback is guaranteed.
Calls to the functions described here can be mixed with each other and with calls to other
input functions from the stdio library for the same input stream.
For nonlocking counterparts, see unlocked_stdio(3).
RETURN VALUE
fgetc(), getc() and getchar() return the character read as an unsigned char cast to an int
or EOF on end of file or error.
fgets() returns s on success, and NULL on error or when end of file occurs while no char‐
acters have been read.
ungetc() returns c on success, or EOF on error.
CONFORMING TO
C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001.
It is not advisable to mix calls to input functions from the stdio library with low-level
calls to read(2) for the file descriptor associated with the input stream; the results
will be undefined and very probably not what you want.
SEE ALSO
read(2), write(2), ferror(3), fgetwc(3), fgetws(3), fopen(3), fread(3), fseek(3), get‐
line(3), gets(3), getwchar(3), puts(3), scanf(3), ungetwc(3), unlocked_stdio(3), fea‐
ture_test_macros(7)
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 3.74 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the
project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be
found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
GNU 2013-12-31 FGETC(3)
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