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OBJDUMP(1)                            GNU Development Tools                            OBJDUMP(1)



NAME
       objdump - display information from object files.

SYNOPSIS
       objdump [-a|--archive-headers]
               [-b bfdname|--target=bfdname]
               [-C|--demangle[=style] ]
               [-d|--disassemble]
               [-D|--disassemble-all]
               [-z|--disassemble-zeroes]
               [-EB|-EL|--endian={big | little }]
               [-f|--file-headers]
               [-F|--file-offsets]
               [--file-start-context]
               [-g|--debugging]
               [-e|--debugging-tags]
               [-h|--section-headers|--headers]
               [-i|--info]
               [-j section|--section=section]
               [-l|--line-numbers]
               [-S|--source]
               [-m machine|--architecture=machine]
               [-M options|--disassembler-options=options]
               [-p|--private-headers]
               [-P options|--private=options]
               [-r|--reloc]
               [-R|--dynamic-reloc]
               [-s|--full-contents]
               [-W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]|
                --dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]]
               [-G|--stabs]
               [-t|--syms]
               [-T|--dynamic-syms]
               [-x|--all-headers]
               [-w|--wide]
               [--start-address=address]
               [--stop-address=address]
               [--prefix-addresses]
               [--[no-]show-raw-insn]
               [--adjust-vma=offset]
               [--special-syms]
               [--prefix=prefix]
               [--prefix-strip=level]
               [--insn-width=width]
               [-V|--version]
               [-H|--help]
               objfile...

DESCRIPTION
       objdump displays information about one or more object files.  The options control what
       particular information to display.  This information is mostly useful to programmers who
       are working on the compilation tools, as opposed to programmers who just want their
       program to compile and work.

       objfile... are the object files to be examined.  When you specify archives, objdump shows
       information on each of the member object files.

OPTIONS
       The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are equivalent.  At least
       one option from the list -a,-d,-D,-e,-f,-g,-G,-h,-H,-p,-P,-r,-R,-s,-S,-t,-T,-V,-x must be
       given.

       -a
       --archive-header
           If any of the objfile files are archives, display the archive header information (in a
           format similar to ls -l).  Besides the information you could list with ar tv, objdump
           -a shows the object file format of each archive member.

       --adjust-vma=offset
           When dumping information, first add offset to all the section addresses.  This is
           useful if the section addresses do not correspond to the symbol table, which can
           happen when putting sections at particular addresses when using a format which can not
           represent section addresses, such as a.out.

       -b bfdname
       --target=bfdname
           Specify that the object-code format for the object files is bfdname.  This option may
           not be necessary; objdump can automatically recognize many formats.

           For example,

                   objdump -b oasys -m vax -h fu.o

           displays summary information from the section headers (-h) of fu.o, which is
           explicitly identified (-m) as a VAX object file in the format produced by Oasys
           compilers.  You can list the formats available with the -i option.

       -C
       --demangle[=style]
           Decode (demangle) low-level symbol names into user-level names.  Besides removing any
           initial underscore prepended by the system, this makes C++ function names readable.
           Different compilers have different mangling styles. The optional demangling style
           argument can be used to choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler.

       -g
       --debugging
           Display debugging information.  This attempts to parse STABS and IEEE debugging format
           information stored in the file and print it out using a C like syntax.  If neither of
           these formats are found this option falls back on the -W option to print any DWARF
           information in the file.

       -e
       --debugging-tags
           Like -g, but the information is generated in a format compatible with ctags tool.

       -d
       --disassemble
           Display the assembler mnemonics for the machine instructions from objfile.  This
           option only disassembles those sections which are expected to contain instructions.

       -D
       --disassemble-all
           Like -d, but disassemble the contents of all sections, not just those expected to
           contain instructions.

           If the target is an ARM architecture this switch also has the effect of forcing the
           disassembler to decode pieces of data found in code sections as if they were
           instructions.

       --prefix-addresses
           When disassembling, print the complete address on each line.  This is the older
           disassembly format.

       -EB
       -EL
       --endian={big|little}
           Specify the endianness of the object files.  This only affects disassembly.  This can
           be useful when disassembling a file format which does not describe endianness
           information, such as S-records.

       -f
       --file-headers
           Display summary information from the overall header of each of the objfile files.

       -F
       --file-offsets
           When disassembling sections, whenever a symbol is displayed, also display the file
           offset of the region of data that is about to be dumped.  If zeroes are being skipped,
           then when disassembly resumes, tell the user how many zeroes were skipped and the file
           offset of the location from where the disassembly resumes.  When dumping sections,
           display the file offset of the location from where the dump starts.

       --file-start-context
           Specify that when displaying interlisted source code/disassembly (assumes -S) from a
           file that has not yet been displayed, extend the context to the start of the file.

       -h
       --section-headers
       --headers
           Display summary information from the section headers of the object file.

           File segments may be relocated to nonstandard addresses, for example by using the
           -Ttext, -Tdata, or -Tbss options to ld.  However, some object file formats, such as
           a.out, do not store the starting address of the file segments.  In those situations,
           although ld relocates the sections correctly, using objdump -h to list the file
           section headers cannot show the correct addresses.  Instead, it shows the usual
           addresses, which are implicit for the target.

       -H
       --help
           Print a summary of the options to objdump and exit.

       -i
       --info
           Display a list showing all architectures and object formats available for
           specification with -b or -m.

       -j name
       --section=name
           Display information only for section name.

       -l
       --line-numbers
           Label the display (using debugging information) with the filename and source line
           numbers corresponding to the object code or relocs shown.  Only useful with -d, -D, or
           -r.

       -m machine
       --architecture=machine
           Specify the architecture to use when disassembling object files.  This can be useful
           when disassembling object files which do not describe architecture information, such
           as S-records.  You can list the available architectures with the -i option.

           If the target is an ARM architecture then this switch has an additional effect.  It
           restricts the disassembly to only those instructions supported by the architecture
           specified by machine.  If it is necessary to use this switch because the input file
           does not contain any architecture information, but it is also desired to disassemble
           all the instructions use -marm.

       -M options
       --disassembler-options=options
           Pass target specific information to the disassembler.  Only supported on some targets.
           If it is necessary to specify more than one disassembler option then multiple -M
           options can be used or can be placed together into a comma separated list.

           If the target is an ARM architecture then this switch can be used to select which
           register name set is used during disassembler.  Specifying -M reg-names-std (the
           default) will select the register names as used in ARM's instruction set
           documentation, but with register 13 called 'sp', register 14 called 'lr' and register
           15 called 'pc'.  Specifying -M reg-names-apcs will select the name set used by the ARM
           Procedure Call Standard, whilst specifying -M reg-names-raw will just use r followed
           by the register number.

           There are also two variants on the APCS register naming scheme enabled by -M reg-
           names-atpcs and -M reg-names-special-atpcs which use the ARM/Thumb Procedure Call
           Standard naming conventions.  (Either with the normal register names or the special
           register names).

           This option can also be used for ARM architectures to force the disassembler to
           interpret all instructions as Thumb instructions by using the switch
           --disassembler-options=force-thumb.  This can be useful when attempting to disassemble
           thumb code produced by other compilers.

           For the x86, some of the options duplicate functions of the -m switch, but allow finer
           grained control.  Multiple selections from the following may be specified as a comma
           separated string.  x86-64, i386 and i8086 select disassembly for the given
           architecture.  intel and att select between intel syntax mode and AT&T syntax mode.
           intel-mnemonic and att-mnemonic select between intel mnemonic mode and AT&T mnemonic
           mode. intel-mnemonic implies intel and att-mnemonic implies att.  addr64, addr32,
           addr16, data32 and data16 specify the default address size and operand size.  These
           four options will be overridden if x86-64, i386 or i8086 appear later in the option
           string.  Lastly, suffix, when in AT&T mode, instructs the disassembler to print a
           mnemonic suffix even when the suffix could be inferred by the operands.

           For PowerPC, booke controls the disassembly of BookE instructions.  32 and 64 select
           PowerPC and PowerPC64 disassembly, respectively.  e300 selects disassembly for the
           e300 family.  440 selects disassembly for the PowerPC 440.  ppcps selects disassembly
           for the paired single instructions of the PPC750CL.

           For MIPS, this option controls the printing of instruction mnemonic names and register
           names in disassembled instructions.  Multiple selections from the following may be
           specified as a comma separated string, and invalid options are ignored:

           "no-aliases"
               Print the 'raw' instruction mnemonic instead of some pseudo instruction mnemonic.
               I.e., print 'daddu' or 'or' instead of 'move', 'sll' instead of 'nop', etc.

           "msa"
               Disassemble MSA instructions.

           "virt"
               Disassemble the virtualization ASE instructions.

           "xpa"
               Disassemble the eXtended Physical Address (XPA) ASE instructions.

           "gpr-names=ABI"
               Print GPR (general-purpose register) names as appropriate for the specified ABI.
               By default, GPR names are selected according to the ABI of the binary being
               disassembled.

           "fpr-names=ABI"
               Print FPR (floating-point register) names as appropriate for the specified ABI.
               By default, FPR numbers are printed rather than names.

           "cp0-names=ARCH"
               Print CP0 (system control coprocessor; coprocessor 0) register names as
               appropriate for the CPU or architecture specified by ARCH.  By default, CP0
               register names are selected according to the architecture and CPU of the binary
               being disassembled.

           "hwr-names=ARCH"
               Print HWR (hardware register, used by the "rdhwr" instruction) names as
               appropriate for the CPU or architecture specified by ARCH.  By default, HWR names
               are selected according to the architecture and CPU of the binary being
               disassembled.

           "reg-names=ABI"
               Print GPR and FPR names as appropriate for the selected ABI.

           "reg-names=ARCH"
               Print CPU-specific register names (CP0 register and HWR names) as appropriate for
               the selected CPU or architecture.

           For any of the options listed above, ABI or ARCH may be specified as numeric to have
           numbers printed rather than names, for the selected types of registers.  You can list
           the available values of ABI and ARCH using the --help option.

           For VAX, you can specify function entry addresses with -M entry:0xf00ba.  You can use
           this multiple times to properly disassemble VAX binary files that don't contain symbol
           tables (like ROM dumps).  In these cases, the function entry mask would otherwise be
           decoded as VAX instructions, which would probably lead the rest of the function being
           wrongly disassembled.

       -p
       --private-headers
           Print information that is specific to the object file format.  The exact information
           printed depends upon the object file format.  For some object file formats, no
           additional information is printed.

       -P options
       --private=options
           Print information that is specific to the object file format.  The argument options is
           a comma separated list that depends on the format (the lists of options is displayed
           with the help).

           For XCOFF, the available options are: header, aout, sections, syms, relocs, lineno,
           loader, except, typchk, traceback, toc and ldinfo.

       -r
       --reloc
           Print the relocation entries of the file.  If used with -d or -D, the relocations are
           printed interspersed with the disassembly.

       -R
       --dynamic-reloc
           Print the dynamic relocation entries of the file.  This is only meaningful for dynamic
           objects, such as certain types of shared libraries.  As for -r, if used with -d or -D,
           the relocations are printed interspersed with the disassembly.

       -s
       --full-contents
           Display the full contents of any sections requested.  By default all non-empty
           sections are displayed.

       -S
       --source
           Display source code intermixed with disassembly, if possible.  Implies -d.

       --prefix=prefix
           Specify prefix to add to the absolute paths when used with -S.

       --prefix-strip=level
           Indicate how many initial directory names to strip off the hardwired absolute paths.
           It has no effect without --prefix=prefix.

       --show-raw-insn
           When disassembling instructions, print the instruction in hex as well as in symbolic
           form.  This is the default except when --prefix-addresses is used.

       --no-show-raw-insn
           When disassembling instructions, do not print the instruction bytes.  This is the
           default when --prefix-addresses is used.

       --insn-width=width
           Display width bytes on a single line when disassembling instructions.

       -W[lLiaprmfFsoRt]
       --dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index]
           Displays the contents of the debug sections in the file, if any are present.  If one
           of the optional letters or words follows the switch then only data found in those
           specific sections will be dumped.

           Note that there is no single letter option to display the content of trace sections or
           .gdb_index.

           Note: the output from the =info option can also be affected by the options
           --dwarf-depth, the --dwarf-start and the --dwarf-check.

       --dwarf-depth=n
           Limit the dump of the ".debug_info" section to n children.  This is only useful with
           --dwarf=info.  The default is to print all DIEs; the special value 0 for n will also
           have this effect.

           With a non-zero value for n, DIEs at or deeper than n levels will not be printed.  The
           range for n is zero-based.

       --dwarf-start=n
           Print only DIEs beginning with the DIE numbered n.  This is only useful with
           --dwarf=info.

           If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header information and all
           DIEs before the DIE numbered n.  Only siblings and children of the specified DIE will
           be printed.

           This can be used in conjunction with --dwarf-depth.

       --dwarf-check
           Enable additional checks for consistency of Dwarf information.

       -G
       --stabs
           Display the full contents of any sections requested.  Display the contents of the
           .stab and .stab.index and .stab.excl sections from an ELF file.  This is only useful
           on systems (such as Solaris 2.0) in which ".stab" debugging symbol-table entries are
           carried in an ELF section.  In most other file formats, debugging symbol-table entries
           are interleaved with linkage symbols, and are visible in the --syms output.

       --start-address=address
           Start displaying data at the specified address.  This affects the output of the -d, -r
           and -s options.

       --stop-address=address
           Stop displaying data at the specified address.  This affects the output of the -d, -r
           and -s options.

       -t
       --syms
           Print the symbol table entries of the file.  This is similar to the information
           provided by the nm program, although the display format is different.  The format of
           the output depends upon the format of the file being dumped, but there are two main
           types.  One looks like this:

                   [  4](sec  3)(fl 0x00)(ty   0)(scl   3) (nx 1) 0x00000000 .bss
                   [  6](sec  1)(fl 0x00)(ty   0)(scl   2) (nx 0) 0x00000000 fred

           where the number inside the square brackets is the number of the entry in the symbol
           table, the sec number is the section number, the fl value are the symbol's flag bits,
           the ty number is the symbol's type, the scl number is the symbol's storage class and
           the nx value is the number of auxilary entries associated with the symbol.  The last
           two fields are the symbol's value and its name.

           The other common output format, usually seen with ELF based files, looks like this:

                   00000000 l    d  .bss   00000000 .bss
                   00000000 g       .text  00000000 fred

           Here the first number is the symbol's value (sometimes refered to as its address).
           The next field is actually a set of characters and spaces indicating the flag bits
           that are set on the symbol.  These characters are described below.  Next is the
           section with which the symbol is associated or *ABS* if the section is absolute (ie
           not connected with any section), or *UND* if the section is referenced in the file
           being dumped, but not defined there.

           After the section name comes another field, a number, which for common symbols is the
           alignment and for other symbol is the size.  Finally the symbol's name is displayed.

           The flag characters are divided into 7 groups as follows:

           "l"
           "g"
           "u"
           "!" The symbol is a local (l), global (g), unique global (u), neither global nor local
               (a space) or both global and local (!).  A symbol can be neither local or global
               for a variety of reasons, e.g., because it is used for debugging, but it is
               probably an indication of a bug if it is ever both local and global.  Unique
               global symbols are a GNU extension to the standard set of ELF symbol bindings.
               For such a symbol the dynamic linker will make sure that in the entire process
               there is just one symbol with this name and type in use.

           "w" The symbol is weak (w) or strong (a space).

           "C" The symbol denotes a constructor (C) or an ordinary symbol (a space).

           "W" The symbol is a warning (W) or a normal symbol (a space).  A warning symbol's name
               is a message to be displayed if the symbol following the warning symbol is ever
               referenced.

           "I"
           "i" The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol (I), a function to be
               evaluated during reloc processing (i) or a normal symbol (a space).

           "d"
           "D" The symbol is a debugging symbol (d) or a dynamic symbol (D) or a normal symbol (a
               space).

           "F"
           "f"
           "O" The symbol is the name of a function (F) or a file (f) or an object (O) or just a
               normal symbol (a space).

       -T
       --dynamic-syms
           Print the dynamic symbol table entries of the file.  This is only meaningful for
           dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared libraries.  This is similar to the
           information provided by the nm program when given the -D (--dynamic) option.

       --special-syms
           When displaying symbols include those which the target considers to be special in some
           way and which would not normally be of interest to the user.

       -V
       --version
           Print the version number of objdump and exit.

       -x
       --all-headers
           Display all available header information, including the symbol table and relocation
           entries.  Using -x is equivalent to specifying all of -a -f -h -p -r -t.

       -w
       --wide
           Format some lines for output devices that have more than 80 columns.  Also do not
           truncate symbol names when they are displayed.

       -z
       --disassemble-zeroes
           Normally the disassembly output will skip blocks of zeroes.  This option directs the
           disassembler to disassemble those blocks, just like any other data.

       @file
           Read command-line options from file.  The options read are inserted in place of the
           original @file option.  If file does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option
           will be treated literally, and not removed.

           Options in file are separated by whitespace.  A whitespace character may be included
           in an option by surrounding the entire option in either single or double quotes.  Any
           character (including a backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be
           included with a backslash.  The file may itself contain additional @file options; any
           such options will be processed recursively.

SEE ALSO
       nm(1), readelf(1), and the Info entries for binutils.

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (c) 1991-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

       Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of
       the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free
       Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
       Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free
       Documentation License".



binutils-2.25                               2014-12-23                                 OBJDUMP(1)


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