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RPM(8)                               System Manager's Manual                               RPM(8)



NAME
       rpm - RPM Package Manager

SYNOPSIS
   QUERYING AND VERIFYING PACKAGES:
       rpm {-q|--query} [select-options] [query-options]



       rpm {-V|--verify} [select-options] [verify-options]




   INSTALLING, UPGRADING, AND REMOVING PACKAGES:
       rpm {-i|--install} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...



       rpm {-U|--upgrade} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...



       rpm {-F|--freshen} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...



       rpm {-e|--erase} [--allmatches] [--nodeps] [--noscripts]
           [--notriggers] [--test] PACKAGE_NAME ...


   MISCELLANEOUS:
       rpm {--querytags|--showrc}



       rpm {--setperms|--setugids} PACKAGE_NAME ...


   select-options
        [PACKAGE_NAME] [-a,--all] [-f,--file FILE]
        [-g,--group GROUP] {-p,--package PACKAGE_FILE]
        [--hdrid SHA1] [--pkgid MD5] [--tid TID]
        [--querybynumber HDRNUM] [--triggeredby PACKAGE_NAME]
        [--whatprovides CAPABILITY] [--whatrequires CAPABILITY]


   query-options
        [--changelog] [-c,--configfiles] [--conflicts]
        [-d,--docfiles] [--dump] [--filesbypkg] [-i,--info]
        [--last] [-l,--list] [--obsoletes] [--provides]
        [--qf,--queryformat QUERYFMT] [-R,--requires]
        [--scripts] [-s,--state] [--triggers,--triggerscripts]


   verify-options
        [--nodeps] [--nofiles] [--noscripts]
        [--nodigest] [--nosignature]
        [--nolinkto] [--nofiledigest] [--nosize] [--nouser]
        [--nogroup] [--nomtime] [--nomode] [--nordev]
        [--nocaps]


   install-options
        [--allfiles] [--badreloc] [--excludepath OLDPATH]
        [--excludedocs] [--force] [-h,--hash]
        [--ignoresize] [--ignorearch] [--ignoreos]
        [--includedocs] [--justdb] [--nocollections]
        [--nodeps] [--nodigest] [--nosignature]
        [--noorder] [--noscripts] [--notriggers]
        [--oldpackage] [--percent] [--prefix NEWPATH]
        [--relocate OLDPATH=NEWPATH]
        [--replacefiles] [--replacepkgs]
        [--test]


DESCRIPTION
       rpm  is  a  powerful  Package Manager, which can be used to build, install, query, verify,
       update, and erase individual software packages.  A package consists of an archive of files
       and  meta-data  used to install and erase the archive files. The meta-data includes helper
       scripts, file attributes, and descriptive information about the package.  Packages come in
       two  varieties:  binary packages, used to encapsulate software to be installed, and source
       packages, containing the source code and recipe necessary to produce binary packages.

       One of the following basic modes must be selected: Query, Verify, Install/Upgrade/Freshen,
       Uninstall, Set Owners/Groups, Show Querytags, and Show Configuration.

   GENERAL OPTIONS
       These options can be used in all the different modes.

       -?, --help
              Print a longer usage message then normal.

       --version
              Print a single line containing the version number of rpm being used.

       --quiet
              Print as little as possible - normally only error messages will be displayed.

       -v     Print verbose information - normally routine progress messages will be displayed.

       -vv    Print lots of ugly debugging information.

       --rcfile FILELIST
              Each  of  the files in the colon separated FILELIST is read sequentially by rpm for
              configuration information.  Only the first file in the list must exist, and  tildes
              will   be   expanded   to   the   value   of   $HOME.    The  default  FILELIST  is
              /usr/lib/rpm/rpmrc:/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/rpmrc:/etc/rpmrc:~/.rpmrc.

       --pipe CMD
              Pipes the output of rpm to the command CMD.

       --dbpath DIRECTORY
              Use the database in DIRECTORY rather than the default path /var/lib/rpm

       --root DIRECTORY
              Use the file system tree rooted at DIRECTORY for all operations.   Note  that  this
              means  the  database  within  DIRECTORY  will be used for dependency checks and any
              scriptlet(s) (e.g.  %post if installing, or %prep if building, a package)  will  be
              run after a chroot(2) to DIRECTORY.

       -D, --define='MACRO EXPR'
              Defines MACRO with value EXPR.

       --undefine='MACRO'
              Undefines MACRO.

       -E, --eval='EXPR'
              Prints macro expansion of EXPR.

   INSTALL AND UPGRADE OPTIONS
       In  these  options,  PACKAGE_FILE  can be either rpm binary file or ASCII package manifest
       (see PACKAGE SELECTION OPTIONS), and may be specified as an ftp or http URL, in which case
       the  package  will be downloaded before being installed. See FTP/HTTP OPTIONS for informa‐
       tion on rpm's internal ftp and http client support.

       The general form of an rpm install command is

       rpm {-i|--install} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...

       This installs a new package.

       The general form of an rpm upgrade command is

       rpm {-U|--upgrade} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...

       This upgrades or installs the package currently installed to a newer version.  This is the
       same  as  install,  except  all  other version(s) of the package are removed after the new
       package is installed.

       rpm {-F|--freshen} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...

       This will upgrade packages, but only ones for which an earlier version is installed.

       --allfiles
              Installs or upgrades all the missingok files in the  package,  regardless  if  they
              exist.

       --badreloc
              Used  with  --relocate,  permit  relocations on all file paths, not just those OLD‐
              PATH's included in the binary package relocation hint(s).

       --excludepath OLDPATH
              Don't install files whose name begins with OLDPATH.

       --excludedocs
              Don't install any files which are marked as documentation (which includes man pages
              and texinfo documents).

       --force
              Same as using --replacepkgs, --replacefiles, and --oldpackage.

       -h, --hash
              Print  50 hash marks as the package archive is unpacked.  Use with -v|--verbose for
              a nicer display.

       --ignoresize
              Don't check mount file systems for sufficient disk  space  before  installing  this
              package.

       --ignorearch
              Allow installation or upgrading even if the architectures of the binary package and
              host don't match.

       --ignoreos
              Allow installation or upgrading even if the operating systems of the binary package
              and host don't match.

       --includedocs
              Install documentation files. This is the default behavior.

       --justdb
              Update only the database, not the filesystem.

       --nodigest
              Don't verify package or header digests when reading.

       --nomanifest
              Don't process non-package files as manifests.

       --nosignature
              Don't verify package or header signatures when reading.

       --nodeps
              Don't do a dependency check before installing or upgrading a package.

       --noorder
              Don't  reorder  the packages for an install. The list of packages would normally be
              reordered to satisfy dependencies.

       --noscripts

       --nopre

       --nopost

       --nopreun

       --nopostun
              Don't execute the scriptlet of the same name.  The --noscripts option is equivalent
              to

              --nopre --nopost --nopreun --nopostun

              and  turns  off the execution of the corresponding %pre, %post, %preun, and %postun
              scriptlet(s).

       --notriggers

       --notriggerin

       --notriggerun

       --notriggerprein

       --notriggerpostun
              Don't execute any trigger scriptlet of the named type.  The --notriggers option  is
              equivalent to

              --notriggerprein --notriggerin --notriggerun --notriggerpostun

              and turns off execution of the corresponding %triggerprein, %triggerin, %triggerun,
              and %triggerpostun scriptlet(s).

       --oldpackage
              Allow an upgrade to replace a newer package with an older one.

       --percent
              Print percentages as files are unpacked from the package archive.  This is intended
              to make rpm easy to run from other tools.

       --prefix NEWPATH
              For  relocatable  binary  packages,  translate  all  file paths that start with the
              installation prefix in the package relocation hint(s) to NEWPATH.

       --relocate OLDPATH=NEWPATH
              For relocatable binary packages, translate all file paths that start  with  OLDPATH
              in  the  package relocation hint(s) to NEWPATH.  This option can be used repeatedly
              if several OLDPATH's in the package are to be relocated.

       --replacefiles
              Install the packages even if they replace  files  from  other,  already  installed,
              packages.

       --replacepkgs
              Install the packages even if some of them are already installed on this system.

       --test Do not install the package, simply check for and report potential conflicts.

   ERASE OPTIONS
       The general form of an rpm erase command is

       rpm  {-e|--erase}  [--allmatches]  [--nodeps]  [--noscripts] [--notriggers] [--test] PACK‐
       AGE_NAME ...


       The following options may also be used:

       --allmatches
              Remove all versions of the package which match PACKAGE_NAME. Normally an  error  is
              issued if PACKAGE_NAME matches multiple packages.

       --nodeps
              Don't check dependencies before uninstalling the packages.

       --noscripts

       --nopreun

       --nopostun
              Don't  execute the scriptlet of the same name.  The --noscripts option during pack‐
              age erase is equivalent to

              --nopreun --nopostun

              and turns off the execution of the corresponding %preun, and %postun scriptlet(s).

       --notriggers

       --notriggerun

       --notriggerpostun
              Don't execute any trigger scriptlet of the named type.  The --notriggers option  is
              equivalent to

              --notriggerun --notriggerpostun

              and turns off execution of the corresponding %triggerun, and %triggerpostun script‐
              let(s).

       --test Don't really uninstall anything, just go through the motions.  Useful  in  conjunc‐
              tion with the -vv option for debugging.

   QUERY OPTIONS
       The general form of an rpm query command is

       rpm {-q|--query} [select-options] [query-options]


       You  may specify the format that package information should be printed in. To do this, you
       use the

        --qf|--queryformat QUERYFMT

       option, followed by the QUERYFMT format string.  Query formats are  modified  versions  of
       the  standard  printf(3)  formatting.  The  format is made up of static strings (which may
       include standard C character escapes for newlines, tabs, and other special characters) and
       printf(3)  type  formatters.   As  rpm already knows the type to print, the type specifier
       must be omitted however, and replaced by the  name  of  the  header  tag  to  be  printed,
       enclosed by {} characters. Tag names are case insensitive, and the leading RPMTAG_ portion
       of the tag name may be omitted as well.

       Alternate output formats may be requested by following the tag with :typetag.   Currently,
       the following types are supported:

       :armor Wrap a public key in ASCII armor.

       :arraysize
              Display number of elements in array tags.

       :base64
              Encode binary data using base64.

       :date  Use strftime(3) "%c" format.

       :day   Use strftime(3) "%a %b %d %Y" format.

       :depflags
              Format dependency comparison operator.

       :deptype
              Format dependency type.

       :expand
              Perform macro expansion.

       :fflags
              Format file flags.

       :fstate
              Format file state.

       :fstatus
              Format file verify status.

       :hex   Format in hexadecimal.

       :octal Format in octal.

       :perms Format file permissions.

       :pgpsig
              Display signature fingerprint and time.

       :shescape
              Escape single quotes for use in a script.

       :triggertype
              Display trigger suffix.

       :vflags
              File verification flags.

       :xml   Wrap data in simple xml markup.

       For example, to print only the names of the packages queried, you could use %{NAME} as the
       format string.  To print the packages name and distribution information  in  two  columns,
       you  could  use  %-30{NAME}%{DISTRIBUTION}.   rpm  will print a list of all of the tags it
       knows about when it is invoked with the --querytags argument.

       There are two subsets of options for querying: package selection, and  information  selec‐
       tion.

   PACKAGE SELECTION OPTIONS:
       PACKAGE_NAME
              Query installed package named PACKAGE_NAME.

       -a, --all
              Query all installed packages.

       -f, --file FILE
              Query package owning FILE.

       -g, --group GROUP
              Query packages with the group of GROUP.

       --hdrid SHA1
              Query  package that contains a given header identifier, i.e. the SHA1 digest of the
              immutable header region.

       -p, --package PACKAGE_FILE
              Query an (uninstalled) package PACKAGE_FILE.  The PACKAGE_FILE may be specified  as
              an  ftp  or http style URL, in which case the package header will be downloaded and
              queried.  See FTP/HTTP OPTIONS for information  on  rpm's  internal  ftp  and  http
              client  support.  The  PACKAGE_FILE  argument(s),  if not a binary package, will be
              interpreted as an ASCII package manifest unless --nomanifest option  is  used.   In
              manifests,  comments are permitted, starting with a '#', and each line of a package
              manifest file may include white space separated glob expressions, including  URL's,
              that  will  be expanded to paths that are substituted in place of the package mani‐
              fest as additional PACKAGE_FILE arguments to the query.

       --pkgid MD5
              Query package that contains a given package identifier, i.e. the MD5 digest of  the
              combined header and payload contents.

       --querybynumber HDRNUM
              Query the HDRNUMth database entry directly; this is useful only for debugging.

       --specfile SPECFILE
              Parse  and query SPECFILE as if it were a package. Although not all the information
              (e.g. file lists) is available, this type of  query  permits  rpm  to  be  used  to
              extract information from spec files without having to write a specfile parser.

       --tid TID
              Query package(s) that have a given TID transaction identifier. A unix time stamp is
              currently used as a transaction identifier.  All  package(s)  installed  or  erased
              within a single transaction have a common identifier.

       --triggeredby PACKAGE_NAME
              Query packages that are triggered by package(s) PACKAGE_NAME.

       --whatprovides CAPABILITY
              Query all packages that provide the CAPABILITY capability.

       --whatrequires CAPABILITY
              Query all packages that require CAPABILITY for proper functioning.

   PACKAGE QUERY OPTIONS:
       --changelog
              Display change information for the package.

       -c, --configfiles
              List only configuration files (implies -l).

       --conflicts
              List capabilities this package conflicts with.

       -d, --docfiles
              List only documentation files (implies -l).

       --dump Dump file information as follows (implies -l):


              path size mtime digest mode owner group isconfig isdoc rdev symlink


       --filesbypkg
              List all the files in each selected package.

       -i, --info
              Display  package  information, including name, version, and description.  This uses
              the --queryformat if one was specified.

       --last Orders the package listing by install time such that the latest packages are at the
              top.

       -L, --licensefiles
              List only license files (implies -l).

       -l, --list
              List files in package.

       --obsoletes
              List packages this package obsoletes.

       --provides
              List capabilities this package provides.

       -R, --requires
              List capabilities on which this package depends.

       --scripts
              List  the  package  specific scriptlet(s) that are used as part of the installation
              and uninstallation processes.

       -s, --state
              Display the states of files in the package (implies -l).  The state of each file is
              one of normal, not installed, or replaced.

       --triggers, --triggerscripts
              Display the trigger scripts, if any, which are contained in the package.

   VERIFY OPTIONS
       The general form of an rpm verify command is

       rpm {-V|--verify} [select-options] [verify-options]


       Verifying  a  package  compares  information about the installed files in the package with
       information about the files taken from the package metadata stored in  the  rpm  database.
       Among  other  things,  verifying  compares  the size, digest, permissions, type, owner and
       group of each file.  Any discrepancies are displayed.  Files that were not installed  from
       the  package,  for  example,  documentation  files  excluded  on  installation  using  the
       "--excludedocs" option, will be silently ignored.

       The package selection options are the same as for package querying (including package man‐
       ifest files as arguments).  Other options unique to verify mode are:

       --nodeps
              Don't verify dependencies of packages.

       --nodigest
              Don't verify package or header digests when reading.

       --nofiles
              Don't verify any attributes of package files.

       --noscripts
              Don't execute the %verifyscript scriptlet (if any).

       --nosignature
              Don't verify package or header signatures when reading.

       --nolinkto

       --nofiledigest (formerly --nomd5)

       --nosize

       --nouser

       --nogroup

       --nomtime

       --nomode

       --nordev
              Don't verify the corresponding file attribute.

       The format of the output is a string of 9 characters, a possible attribute marker:

       c %config configuration file.
       d %doc documentation file.
       g %ghost file (i.e. the file contents are not included in the package payload).
       l %license license file.
       r %readme readme file.

       from  the package header, followed by the file name.  Each of the 9 characters denotes the
       result of a comparison of attribute(s) of the file to  the  value  of  those  attribute(s)
       recorded in the database.  A single "." (period) means the test passed, while a single "?"
       (question mark) indicates the test could not be performed (e.g. file  permissions  prevent
       reading). Otherwise, the (mnemonically emBoldened) character denotes failure of the corre‐
       sponding --verify test:

       S file Size differs
       M Mode differs (includes permissions and file type)
       5 digest (formerly MD5 sum) differs
       D Device major/minor number mismatch
       L readLink(2) path mismatch
       U User ownership differs
       G Group ownership differs
       T mTime differs
       P caPabilities differ


   MISCELLANEOUS COMMANDS
       rpm --showrc
              shows the values rpm will use for all of the options are currently set in rpmrc and
              macros configuration file(s).

       rpm --setperms PACKAGE_NAME
              sets permissions of files in the given package.

       rpm --setugids PACKAGE_NAME
              sets user/group ownership of files in the given package.


   FTP/HTTP OPTIONS
       rpm can act as an FTP and/or HTTP client so that packages can be queried or installed from
       the internet.  Package files for install, upgrade, and query operations may  be  specified
       as an ftp or http style URL:

       ftp://USER:PASSWORD@HOST:PORT/path/to/package.rpm

       If  the  :PASSWORD  portion  is  omitted,  the  password  will  be  prompted for (once per
       user/hostname pair). If both the user and password are omitted, anonymous ftp is used.  In
       all cases, passive (PASV) ftp transfers are performed.

       rpm allows the following options to be used with ftp URLs:

       --ftpproxy HOST
              The  host  HOST  will be used as a proxy server for all ftp transfers, which allows
              users to ftp through firewall machines which use proxy  systems.  This  option  may
              also be specified by configuring the macro %_ftpproxy.

       --ftpport PORT
              The  TCP  PORT number to use for the ftp connection on the proxy ftp server instead
              of the default port. This option may also be specified  by  configuring  the  macro
              %_ftpport.

       rpm allows the following options to be used with http URLs:

       --httpproxy HOST
              The  host  HOST  will be used as a proxy server for all http transfers. This option
              may also be specified by configuring the macro %_httpproxy.

       --httpport PORT
              The TCP PORT number to use for the http connection on the proxy http server instead
              of  the  default  port.  This option may also be specified by configuring the macro
              %_httpport.

LEGACY ISSUES
   Executing rpmbuild
       The build modes of rpm are now resident in the /usr/bin/rpmbuild executable.  Install  the
       package  containing  rpmbuild (usually rpm-build) and see rpmbuild(8) for documentation of
       all the rpm build modes.

FILES
   rpmrc Configuration
       /usr/lib/rpm/rpmrc
       /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/rpmrc
       /etc/rpmrc
       ~/.rpmrc

   Macro Configuration
       /usr/lib/rpm/macros
       /usr/lib/rpm/redhat/macros
       /etc/rpm/macros
       ~/.rpmmacros

   Database
       /var/lib/rpm/Basenames
       /var/lib/rpm/Conflictname
       /var/lib/rpm/Dirnames
       /var/lib/rpm/Group
       /var/lib/rpm/Installtid
       /var/lib/rpm/Name
       /var/lib/rpm/Obsoletename
       /var/lib/rpm/Packages
       /var/lib/rpm/Providename
       /var/lib/rpm/Requirename
       /var/lib/rpm/Sha1header
       /var/lib/rpm/Sigmd5
       /var/lib/rpm/Triggername

   Temporary
       /var/tmp/rpm*

SEE ALSO
       popt(3),
       rpm2cpio(8),
       rpmbuild(8),
       rpmdb(8),
       rpmkeys(8),
       rpmsign(8),
       rpmspec(8),

       rpm --help - as rpm supports customizing the options via popt aliases it's  impossible  to
       guarantee that what's described in the manual matches what's available.


       http://www.rpm.org/ <URL:http://www.rpm.org/>

AUTHORS
       Marc Ewing <marc AT redhat.com>
       Jeff Johnson <jbj AT redhat.com>
       Erik Troan <ewt AT redhat.com>



Red Hat, Inc.                              09 June 2002                                    RPM(8)


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