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TEMPNAM(3) Linux Programmer's Manual TEMPNAM(3)
NAME
tempnam - create a name for a temporary file
SYNOPSIS
#include <stdio.h>
char *tempnam(const char *dir, const char *pfx);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
tempnam(): _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE
DESCRIPTION
Never use this function. Use mkstemp(3) or tmpfile(3) instead.
The tempnam() function returns a pointer to a string that is a valid filename, and such
that a file with this name did not exist when tempnam() checked. The filename suffix of
the pathname generated will start with pfx in case pfx is a non-NULL string of at most
five bytes. The directory prefix part of the pathname generated is required to be "appro‐
priate" (often that at least implies writable).
Attempts to find an appropriate directory go through the following steps:
a) In case the environment variable TMPDIR exists and contains the name of an appropriate
directory, that is used.
b) Otherwise, if the dir argument is non-NULL and appropriate, it is used.
c) Otherwise, P_tmpdir (as defined in <stdio.h>) is used when appropriate.
d) Finally an implementation-defined directory may be used.
The string returned by tempnam() is allocated using malloc(3) and hence should be freed by
free(3).
RETURN VALUE
On success, the tempnam() function returns a pointer to a unique temporary filename. It
returns NULL if a unique name cannot be generated, with errno set to indicate the cause of
the error.
ERRORS
ENOMEM Allocation of storage failed.
CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001. POSIX.1-2008 marks tempnam() as obsolete.
NOTES
Although tempnam() generates names that are difficult to guess, it is nevertheless possi‐
ble that between the time that tempnam() returns a pathname, and the time that the program
opens it, another program might create that pathname using open(2), or create it as a sym‐
bolic link. This can lead to security holes. To avoid such possibilities, use the
open(2) O_EXCL flag to open the pathname. Or better yet, use mkstemp(3) or tmpfile(3).
SUSv2 does not mention the use of TMPDIR; glibc will use it only when the program is not
set-user-ID. On SVr4, the directory used under d) is /tmp (and this is what glibc does).
Because it dynamically allocates memory used to return the pathname, tempnam() is reen‐
trant, and thus thread safe, unlike tmpnam(3).
The tempnam() function generates a different string each time it is called, up to TMP_MAX
(defined in <stdio.h>) times. If it is called more than TMP_MAX times, the behavior is
implementation defined.
tempnam() uses at most the first five bytes from pfx.
The glibc implementation of tempnam() will fail with the error EEXIST upon failure to find
a unique name.
BUGS
The precise meaning of "appropriate" is undefined; it is unspecified how accessibility of
a directory is determined.
SEE ALSO
mkstemp(3), mktemp(3), tmpfile(3), tmpnam(3)
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 3.74 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the
project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be
found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
2014-02-27 TEMPNAM(3)
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