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POSTMAP(1)                           General Commands Manual                           POSTMAP(1)



NAME
       postmap - Postfix lookup table management

SYNOPSIS
       postmap [-Nbfhimnoprsuvw] [-c config_dir] [-d key] [-q key]
               [file_type:]file_name ...

DESCRIPTION
       The postmap(1) command creates or queries one or more Postfix lookup tables, or updates an
       existing one. The input and output file formats are expected to be compatible with:

           makemap file_type file_name < file_name

       If the result files do not exist they will be created with the same group and  other  read
       permissions as their source file.

       While  the  table  update  is in progress, signal delivery is postponed, and an exclusive,
       advisory, lock is placed on the entire table, in order to  avoid  surprises  in  spectator
       processes.

INPUT FILE FORMAT
       The format of a lookup table input file is as follows:

       ·      A table entry has the form

                   key whitespace value

       ·      Empty  lines  and  whitespace-only lines are ignored, as are lines whose first non-
              whitespace character is a `#'.

       ·      A logical line starts with non-whitespace text. A line that starts with  whitespace
              continues a logical line.

       The  key  and  value  are processed as is, except that surrounding white space is stripped
       off. Unlike with Postfix alias databases, quotes cannot be used  to  protect  lookup  keys
       that contain special characters such as `#' or whitespace.

       By  default the lookup key is mapped to lowercase to make the lookups case insensitive; as
       of Postfix 2.3 this case folding happens only with tables whose lookup keys are fixed-case
       strings  such  as  btree:,  dbm: or hash:. With earlier versions, the lookup key is folded
       even with tables where a lookup field can match both upper and lower case  text,  such  as
       regexp: and pcre:. This resulted in loss of information with $number substitutions.

COMMAND-LINE ARGUMENTS
       -b     Enable  message  body query mode. When reading lookup keys from standard input with
              "-q -", process the input as if it is an email message in RFC  2822  format.   Each
              line of body content becomes one lookup key.

              By  default,  the  -b  option starts generating lookup keys at the first non-header
              line, and stops when the end of the message is reached.  To simulate body_checks(5)
              processing,  enable  MIME  parsing  with  -m. With this, the -b option generates no
              body-style lookup keys for attachment MIME headers and for attached message/* head‐
              ers.

              This feature is available in Postfix version 2.6 and later.

       -c config_dir
              Read  the  main.cf configuration file in the named directory instead of the default
              configuration directory.

       -d key Search the specified maps for key and remove one entry per map.  The exit status is
              zero when the requested information was found.

              If  a  key  value of - is specified, the program reads key values from the standard
              input stream. The exit status is zero when at least one of the requested  keys  was
              found.

       -f     Do not fold the lookup key to lower case while creating or querying a table.

              With  Postfix  version 2.3 and later, this option has no effect for regular expres‐
              sion tables. There, case folding is controlled by appending a flag to a pattern.

       -h     Enable message header query mode. When reading lookup keys from standard input with
              "-q  -",  process  the input as if it is an email message in RFC 2822 format.  Each
              logical header line becomes one lookup key. A multi-line header becomes one  lookup
              key with one or more embedded newline characters.

              By  default, the -h option generates lookup keys until the first non-header line is
              reached.  To simulate header_checks(5) processing, enable  MIME  parsing  with  -m.
              With  this,  the  -h  option also generates header-style lookup keys for attachment
              MIME headers and for attached message/* headers.

              This feature is available in Postfix version 2.6 and later.

       -i     Incremental mode. Read entries from standard input and do not truncate an  existing
              database.  By  default,  postmap(1)  creates  a  new  database  from the entries in
              file_name.

       -m     Enable MIME parsing with "-b" and "-h".

              This feature is available in Postfix version 2.6 and later.

       -N     Include the terminating null character that terminates lookup keys and  values.  By
              default, postmap(1) does whatever is the default for the host operating system.

       -n     Don't  include  the terminating null character that terminates lookup keys and val‐
              ues. By default, postmap(1) does whatever is the default  for  the  host  operating
              system.

       -o     Do  not  release root privileges when processing a non-root input file. By default,
              postmap(1) drops root privileges and runs as the source file owner instead.

       -p     Do not inherit the file access permissions from the input file when creating a  new
              file.  Instead, create a new file with default access permissions (mode 0644).

       -q key Search  the  specified maps for key and write the first value found to the standard
              output stream. The exit status is zero when the requested information was found.

              If a key value of - is specified, the program reads key values  from  the  standard
              input  stream  and writes one line of key value output for each key that was found.
              The exit status is zero when at least one of the requested keys was found.

       -r     When updating a table, do not complain about attempts to update  existing  entries,
              and make those updates anyway.

       -s     Retrieve  all  database  elements,  and write one line of key value output for each
              element. The elements are printed in database order, which is not  necessarily  the
              same as the original input order.

              This  feature  is  available in Postfix version 2.2 and later, and is not available
              for all database types.

       -u     Upgrade the database to the current version.

       -v     Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Multiple -v options make  the  soft‐
              ware increasingly verbose.

       -w     When  updating  a table, do not complain about attempts to update existing entries,
              and ignore those attempts.

       Arguments:

       file_type
              The database type. To find out what types are supported, use the "postconf -m" com‐
              mand.

              The  postmap(1)  command  can query any supported file type, but it can create only
              the following file types:

              btree  The output file is a btree file, named file_name.db.  This is  available  on
                     systems with support for db databases.

              cdb    The  output consists of one file, named file_name.cdb.  This is available on
                     systems with support for cdb databases.

              dbm    The output consists of two files,  named  file_name.pag  and  file_name.dir.
                     This is available on systems with support for dbm databases.

              hash   The  output file is a hashed file, named file_name.db.  This is available on
                     systems with support for db databases.

              fail   A table that reliably fails all requests. The lookup table name is used  for
                     logging only. This table exists to simplify Postfix error tests.

              sdbm   The  output  consists  of  two files, named file_name.pag and file_name.dir.
                     This is available on systems with support for sdbm databases.

              When no file_type is specified, the software uses the database type  specified  via
              the default_database_type configuration parameter.

       file_name
              The name of the lookup table source file when rebuilding a database.

DIAGNOSTICS
       Problems  are logged to the standard error stream and to syslogd(8).  No output means that
       no problems were detected. Duplicate entries are skipped and are flagged with a warning.

       postmap(1) terminates with zero exit status  in  case  of  success  (including  successful
       "postmap -q" lookup) and terminates with non-zero exit status in case of failure.

ENVIRONMENT
       MAIL_CONFIG
              Directory with Postfix configuration files.

       MAIL_VERBOSE
              Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes.

CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
       The  following main.cf parameters are especially relevant to this program.  The text below
       provides only a parameter summary. See postconf(5) for more details including examples.

       berkeley_db_create_buffer_size (16777216)
              The per-table I/O buffer size for programs that create Berkeley DB  hash  or  btree
              tables.

       berkeley_db_read_buffer_size (131072)
              The  per-table  I/O  buffer  size  for programs that read Berkeley DB hash or btree
              tables.

       config_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
              The default location of the Postfix main.cf and master.cf configuration files.

       default_database_type (see 'postconf -d' output)
              The default database type for use in  newaliases(1),  postalias(1)  and  postmap(1)
              commands.

       syslog_facility (mail)
              The syslog facility of Postfix logging.

       syslog_name (see 'postconf -d' output)
              The  mail  system  name that is prepended to the process name in syslog records, so
              that "smtpd" becomes, for example, "postfix/smtpd".

SEE ALSO
       postalias(1), create/update/query alias database
       postconf(1), supported database types
       postconf(5), configuration parameters
       syslogd(8), system logging

README FILES
       Use "postconf readme_directory" or "postconf html_directory" to locate this information.
       DATABASE_README, Postfix lookup table overview

LICENSE
       The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.

AUTHOR(S)
       Wietse Venema
       IBM T.J. Watson Research
       P.O. Box 704
       Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA



                                                                                       POSTMAP(1)


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