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dpkg-deb(1) - phpMan
dpkg-deb(1) dpkg suite dpkg-deb(1)
NAME
dpkg-deb - Debian package archive (.deb) manipulation tool
SYNOPSIS
dpkg-deb [option...] command
DESCRIPTION
dpkg-deb packs, unpacks and provides information about Debian archives.
Use dpkg to install and remove packages from your system.
You can also invoke dpkg-deb by calling dpkg with whatever options you want to pass to
dpkg-deb. dpkg will spot that you wanted dpkg-deb and run it for you.
COMMANDS
-b, --build directory [archive|directory]
Creates a debian archive from the filesystem tree stored in directory. directory
must have a DEBIAN subdirectory, which contains the control information files such
as the control file itself. This directory will not appear in the binary package's
filesystem archive, but instead the files in it will be put in the binary package's
control information area.
Unless you specify --nocheck, dpkg-deb will read DEBIAN/control and parse it. It
will check it for syntax errors and other problems, and display the name of the
binary package being built. dpkg-deb will also check the permissions of the main‐
tainer scripts and other files found in the DEBIAN control information directory.
If no archive is specified then dpkg-deb will write the package into the file
directory.deb.
If the archive to be created already exists it will be overwritten.
If the second argument is a directory then dpkg-deb will write to the file pack‐
age_version_arch.deb, or package_version.deb if no Architecture field is present in
the package control file. When a target directory is specified, rather than a file,
the --nocheck option may not be used (since dpkg-deb needs to read and parse the
package control file to determine which filename to use).
-I, --info archive [control-file-name...]
Provides information about a binary package archive.
If no control-file-names are specified then it will print a summary of the contents
of the package as well as its control file.
If any control-file-names are specified then dpkg-deb will print them in the order
they were specified; if any of the components weren't present it will print an
error message to stderr about each one and exit with status 2.
-W, --show archive
Provides information about a binary package archive in the format specified by the
--showformat argument. The default format displays the package's name and version
on one line, separated by a tabulator.
-f, --field archive [control-field-name...]
Extracts control file information from a binary package archive.
If no control-file-fields are specified then it will print the whole control file.
If any are specified then dpkg-deb will print their contents, in the order in which
they appear in the control file. If more than one control-file-field is specified
then dpkg-deb will precede each with its field name (and a colon and space).
No errors are reported for fields requested but not found.
-c, --contents archive
Lists the contents of the filesystem tree archive portion of the package archive.
It is currently produced in the format generated by tar's verbose listing.
-x, --extract archive directory
Extracts the filesystem tree from a package archive into the specified directory.
Note that extracting a package to the root directory will not result in a correct
installation! Use dpkg to install packages.
directory (but not its parents) will be created if necessary, and its permissions
modified to match the contents of the package.
-X, --vextract archive directory
Is like --extract (-x) with --verbose (-v) which prints a listing of the files
extracted as it goes.
-R, --raw-extract archive directory
Extracts the filesystem tree from a package archive into a specified directory, and
the control information files into a DEBIAN subdirectory of the specified direc‐
tory.
The target directory (but not its parents) will be created if necessary.
--ctrl-tarfile archive
Extracts the control data from a binary package and sends it to standard output in
tar format (since dpkg 1.17.14). Together with tar(1) this can be used to extract a
particular control file from a package archive. The input archive will always be
processed sequentially.
--fsys-tarfile archive
Extracts the filesystem tree data from a binary package and sends it to standard
output in tar format. Together with tar(1) this can be used to extract a particular
file from a package archive. The input archive will always be processed sequen‐
tially.
-e, --control archive [directory]
Extracts the control information files from a package archive into the specified
directory.
If no directory is specified then a subdirectory DEBIAN in the current directory is
used.
The target directory (but not its parents) will be created if necessary.
-?, --help
Show the usage message and exit.
--version
Show the version and exit.
OPTIONS
--showformat=format
This option is used to specify the format of the output --show will produce. The
format is a string that will be output for each package listed.
The string may reference any status field using the "${field-name}" form, a list of
the valid fields can be easily produced using -I on the same package. A complete
explanation of the formatting options (including escape sequences and field tab‐
bing) can be found in the explanation of the --showformat option in dpkg-query(1).
The default for this field is "${Package}\t${Version}\n".
-zcompress-level
Specify which compression level to use on the compressor backend, when building a
package (default is 9 for gzip and bzip2, 6 for xz and lzma). The accepted values
are 0-9 with: 0 being mapped to compressor none for gzip and 0 mapped to 1 for
bzip2. Before dpkg 1.16.2 level 0 was equivalent to compressor none for all com‐
pressors.
-Scompress-strategy
Specify which compression strategy to use on the compressor backend, when building
a package (since dpkg 1.16.2). Allowed values are none (since dpkg 1.16.4), fil‐
tered, huffman, rle and fixed for gzip (since dpkg 1.17.0) and extreme for xz.
-Zcompress-type
Specify which compression type to use when building a package. Allowed values are
gzip, xz, bzip2 (deprecated), lzma (deprecated), and none (default is xz).
--uniform-compression
Specify that the same compression parameters should be used for all archive members
(i.e. control.tar and data.tar). Otherwise only the data.tar member will use those
parameters. The only supported compression types allowed to be uniformly used are
none, gzip and xz.
--deb-format=format
Set the archive format version used when building (since dpkg 1.17.0). Allowed
values are 2.0 for the new format, and 0.939000 for the old one (default is 2.0).
The old archive format is less easily parsed by non-Debian tools and is now obso‐
lete; its only use is when building packages to be parsed by versions of dpkg older
than 0.93.76 (September 1995), which was released as i386 a.out only.
--new This is a legacy alias for --deb-format=2.0.
--old This is a legacy alias for --deb-format=0.939000.
--nocheck
Inhibits dpkg-deb --build's usual checks on the proposed contents of an archive.
You can build any archive you want, no matter how broken, this way.
-v, --verbose
Enables verbose output. This currently only affects --extract making it behave like
--vextract.
-D, --debug
Enables debugging output. This is not very interesting.
ENVIRONMENT
TMPDIR If set, dpkg-deb will use it as the directory in which to create temporary files
and directories.
NOTES
Do not attempt to use just dpkg-deb to install software! You must use dpkg proper to
ensure that all the files are correctly placed and the package's scripts run and its sta‐
tus and contents recorded.
BUGS
dpkg-deb -I package1.deb package2.deb does the wrong thing.
There is no authentication on .deb files; in fact, there isn't even a straightforward
checksum. (Higher level tools like APT support authenticating .deb packages retrieved
from a given repository, and most packages nowadays provide an md5sum control file gener‐
ated by debian/rules. Though this is not directly supported by the lower level tools.)
SEE ALSO
deb(5), deb-control(5), dpkg(1), dselect(1).
Debian Project 2014-08-20 dpkg-deb(1)
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